January 1 Cut-off Date August 1 Cut-off Date
Delayed USA Delayed Int’l Delayed USA Delayed Int’l
Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males
N 62 116 66 65 62 116 66 65
X2 23.806*** 22.966*** 6.485 3.492 13.742** 11.448* 7.818* 1.277
df 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
φ 0.620††† 0.445†† 0.313†† 0.232† 0.471†† 0.314†† 0.344†† 0.140†
Q1 % 8.06 12.07 15.15 21.54 40.32 34.48 30.30 30.77
z -2.67** -2.79** -1.60 -0.57 2.41* 2.04* 0.86 0.92
Q2 % 12.9 17.24 21.21 18.46 32.26 31.03 36.36 21.54
z -1.91 -1.67 -0.62 -1.07 1.14 1.30 1.85 -0.57
Q3 % 32.26 30.17 27.27 26.15 11.29 17.24 16.67 23.08
z 1.14 1.11 0.37 0.17 -2.16* -1.67 -1.35 -0.32
Q4 % 46.77 40.52 36.36 33.85 16.13 17.24 16.67 24.62
z 3.43*** 3.34*** 1.85 1.41 -1.40 -1.67 -1.35 -0.07